How to enable automatic restart of the MySQL server using systemctl
In the previous blog, we saw How to Install Mysql 8 manually using Binaries Tar Click here to read more. Though this method provides full control over the installation process it doesn’t register mysqld in systemctl. So we need to start mysql service manually with mysqld utility and in case of Server restart, mysql services will not start automatically.
In this blog post, we are going to perform the required steps to register mysqld with systemctl.
Add a systemd service unit configuration file with details about the MySQL service, Create file mysqld.service inside folder /usr/lib/systemd/system.
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[[email protected] system]# touch mysqld.service
[[email protected] system]# chmod 644 mysqld.service
Edit file mysqld.service file and add below configuration information. Make sure to replace the ExecStart parameter value with your mysqld utility location, In our case /u01/mysql-8/bin is the location.
[[email protected] system]# vi mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
# Have mysqld write its state to the systemd notify socket
Type=notify
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
TimeoutSec=0
# Start main service
ExecStart=/u01/mysql-8/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf $MYSQLD_OPTS
# Use this to switch malloc implementation
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 10000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
# Set environment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for restart.
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
PrivateTmp=false
Enable the mysqld service to start automatically at reboot, execute the below command.
[[email protected] system]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[[email protected] system]#
Now we are ready to start mysql service using systemctl command, Before attempting make sure to stop mysql service if it’s ran manually already. Otherwise, you can get the below error while starting using systemctl command.
2021-01-07T12:24:37.119945Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:38.122554Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:39.125029Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:40.128718Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:41.130795Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:42.132149Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
2021-01-07T12:24:43.134906Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012574] [InnoDB] Unable to lock ./ibdata1 error: 11
Start mysql service with systemctl command. And enable mysql service to restart after server reboot.
[[email protected] system]# systemctl start mysqld
[[email protected] system]#
[[email protected] system]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
mysql 3665 1 11 15:25 ? 00:00:01 /u01/mysql-8/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
root 3711 2922 0 15:25 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
[[email protected] system]#
[[email protected] lib]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[[email protected] lib]#
[[email protected] system]#
[[email protected] system]# systemctl status mysqld
â mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-01-07 15:25:14 +03; 47s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Main PID: 3665 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
ââ3665 /u01/mysql-8/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
Jan 07 15:25:13 test-machine02 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jan 07 15:25:14 test-machine02 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[[email protected] system]#
Add bin location /u01/mysql-8/bin in root user .bash_profile so you can call mysql utiltiy directly without using export PATH=$PATH:/u01/mysql-8/bin
[[email protected] ~]# cd
[[email protected] ~]# cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
PATH=$PATH:/u01/mysql-8/bin
export PATH
[[email protected] ~]# . .bash_profile
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.22 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.22 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 10
Current database:
Current user: [email protected]
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.22 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /u01/mysql-8/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 13 min 30 sec
Threads: 4 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 117 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 38 Queries per second avg: 0.006
--------------
mysql>
If you receive any error in systemctl start mysqld, Execute command journalctl -xe to see what is the cause of the error. In my case, I had provided the wrong location of mysqld utility.
[[email protected] system]# systemctl start mysqld
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[[email protected] system]#
[[email protected] system]#
[[email protected] system]# systemctl status mysqld.service
â mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Thu 2021-01-07 15:11:26 +03; 28s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 3556 ExecStart=/u01/mysql-8/data/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
Main PID: 3556 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
[[email protected] data]# journalctl -xe
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mysqld.service has finished shutting down.
Jan 07 15:11:26 test-machine02 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
-- Subject: Unit mysqld.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
-- Unit mysqld.service has begun starting up.
Jan 07 15:11:26 test-machine02 systemd[3556]: Failed at step EXEC spawning /u01/mysql-8/data/bin/mysqld: No such file or directory
-- Subject: Process /u01/mysql-8/data/bin/mysqld could not be executed
Ref : https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-secure-deployment-guide/8.0/en/secure-deployment-post-install.html
Click here for Database MySql 8 Installation using Yum Repository Method.
Click here for Step by Step Database MySql 8 Installation using Binaries.
This document is only for learning purpose and always validate in the LAB environment first before applying in the LIVE environment.
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Hello and welcome to DBsGuru,
I’m Jamsher Khan working as Senior Oracle DBA based in KSA-Jeddah, I have working experience in Oracle DBA, SQL Server, MySql, PostgreSQL, Linux, Golden Gate, ODA.
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